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目的:研究妊娠性高血压(PIH)患者视网膜变化的患病率,视网膜变化与疾病严重程度的相关性。方法:横断面研究。共收集2014-12/2015-05妊娠性高血压患者100例。所有患者均行眼底检查。单眼或双眼眼底发生变化视为阳性。妊娠性高血压分级为轻度子痫前期(血压>140/90~160/90 mmHg),重度子痫前期(血压>160/90 mmHg)和子痫前期(重度子痫前期和抽搐)。结果:患者平均年龄为23.05(19~34)岁。妊娠期为28~41wk。其中62例初产妇以及38例经产妇。轻度子痫前期,重度子痫前期和子痫前期患者占比分别为62%,26%,12%。8例患者发生视网膜变化。观察得出:高血压性视网膜病变Ⅰ级(1%),Ⅱ级(0%),Ⅲ级(2%),Ⅳ级(2%),浆液性视网膜脱离(1%)和中心性浆液性脉络膜视网膜病变(2%)。视网膜变化与PIH严重程度呈正相关,有统计学意义(P=0.0001)。结论:8%的PIH患者视网膜发生变化,视网膜变化与PIH严重程度呈正相关。
OBJECTIVE: To study the prevalence of retinal changes in patients with pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) and the association of retinal changes with the severity of the disease. Methods: Cross-sectional study. A total of 100 cases of pregnancy-induced hypertension were collected from December 2014 to May 2015. All patients underwent fundus examination. Monocular or bilateral ocular changes as positive. Gestational hypertension was graded as mild preeclampsia (BP> 140/90 to 160/90 mmHg), severe preeclampsia (BP> 160/90 mmHg) and preeclampsia (severe preeclampsia and convulsions). Results: The average age of patients was 23.05 (19 ~ 34) years old. Pregnancy is 28 ~ 41wk. 62 cases of primipara and 38 cases of mothers. Mild preeclampsia, severe preeclampsia and preeclampsia patients accounted for 62%, 26%, 12%. Retinal changes occurred in 8 patients. It was observed that hypertensive retinopathy of grade 1 (grade 1), grade Ⅱ (0%), grade 3 (2%), grade 4 (2%), serous retinal detachment (1%) and central serous Chorioretinopathy (2%). Retinal changes and the severity of PIH was positively correlated with statistical significance (P = 0.0001). Conclusion: Retinal changes in 8% of PIH patients and retinal changes were positively correlated with the severity of PIH.