通过系统选育法、人工诱变、回交法等途径,以云南已建立的自然条件、人工控温鉴定和反复鉴定选拔法相结合,培育出一批穗期耐冷性近等基因系(NILs);揭示了系选NIL云粳9号与西南175、回交NIL与十和田、02428与极强耐冷品种、滇农S-1与优异种质之间耐冷基因的遗传规律;选育出一批强穗数型中间母本和优异核心种质聚合系;农林20/冲腿的孕穗期耐冷性数量性状基因座位(QTL)主要分布在第1,3～8,10和第12染色体上. By means of systematic breeding, artificial mutagenesis and backcrossing methods, a series of near-isogenic lines (NILs) with cold tolerance at the heading stage were bred by combining the established natural conditions, artificial temperature control identification and repeated identification and selection methods in Yunnan. ; Revealed the inheritance of cold tolerant genes among line NILYunjing 9 and Southwest 175, backcountry NIL and Shida, 02428 and extremely strong and cold tolerant cultivars, Diannong S-1 and excellent germplasm; Spike number middle mother and excellent core collection. The QTLs of bumper coldness at booting stage were mainly distributed on chromosomes 1, 3 ~ 8, 10 and 12.