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近年来,中低收入国家慢性病不断上升的趋势及其产生的影响受到广泛关注,但有关这种上升趋势的解释和说明大多基于高收入国家的慢性病发展史,但其所经历的发展历程与中低收入国家并不完全相同。本文对这些差异进行评价,以更好地理解中低收入国家慢性病的流行趋势,并对慢性病决定因素的相关理论加以讨论,为慢性病的防控提供循证支持。此外,本文将慢性病防控政策看作是降低人口患病风险和个体易感性的重要干预手段,并讨论了中低收入国家需要开展的相关政策研究。在此基础上进一步强调了加强初级卫生保健改革的必要性,并将其作为降低慢性病流行趋势的一项重要政策。
In recent years, the rising trend and impact of chronic diseases in low- and middle-income countries have drawn much attention. However, most of the explanations and explanations for this upward trend are based on the history of chronic diseases in high-income countries. However, Low-income countries are not exactly the same. These differences are evaluated in order to better understand the prevalence of chronic diseases in low- and middle-income countries and to discuss the determinants of chronic disease in order to provide evidence-based support for the prevention and control of chronic diseases. In addition, this article considers the prevention and control of chronic diseases as an important intervention to reduce the risk of illness and the susceptibility of individuals and discusses relevant policy research needs of low- and middle-income countries. On this basis, the need to strengthen primary health care reform is further emphasized as an important policy to reduce the prevalence of chronic diseases.