生物碱是生物体内一类含氮的有机化合物,有类似碱的性质,能和酸结合生成盐。许多中药含有不同类型的生物碱,性质各异,有的有生理活性,且具有治疗作用。因而根据治疗需要,必须运用不同的方法,对其进行炮制后,方可使用。一、醋制生盐增加水溶游离的生物碱一般都是脂溶性,煎煮时难溶于水,不能充分发挥其疗效,而与醋酸结合成盐,则易溶于水。我们的祖先在炮制过程中,对某些含生物碱的中药进行醋制,就是利用醋酸与生物碱结合成盐,或使生物碱的鞣酸、草酸盐转化为小分子的醋酸盐,以增加其在水中的溶解度。如实验证明:醋制玄胡水煎液中的生物碱含量比生品玄胡水煎液中的生物碱含量高40% Alkaloids are nitrogen-containing organic compounds in organisms that have similar alkali properties and can combine with acids to form salts. Many traditional Chinese medicines contain different types of alkaloids with different properties, some have physiological activity, and have therapeutic effects. Therefore, depending on the need for treatment, different methods must be applied and they must be processed before use. First, vinegar raw salt to increase water-soluble free alkaloids are generally fat-soluble, insoluble in water when boiling, can not fully exert its efficacy, and combined with acetic acid into salt, then soluble in water. Our ancestors in the process of concocting some of the Chinese medicines containing alkaloids vinegar, is the use of acetic acid and alkaloids combined into salt, or alkaloid tannic acid, oxalate into small molecules of acetate, To increase its solubility in water. As demonstrated by experiments, the content of alkaloids in the decoction of vinegar made from vinegar is 40% higher than the content of alkaloids in raw decoction of raw water