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马克思主义政治经济学以历史唯物主义为方法论基础,形成了分工理论体系。从社会劳动的性质入手研究分工的内涵,系统地考察分工社会组织各个层次的作用,把分工作为商品交换以及市场产生的条件,对分工与制度关系进行了研究。供给侧改革是一种寻求经济新增长、新动力的新思路,通过改善社会生产来促进经济增长。因而供给侧的改革实质是改善和调节分工,形成新的分工体系,使生产力和生产关系相适应,从而促进经济增长和经济发展。供给侧的改革不仅为了改善社会分工,而且还强调企业内部分工的改善,需要在生产力和生产关系的结合上进行改革,使国内的生产分工与国际分工相协调。依据马克思主义政治经济学的分工理论,供给侧的改革要以改善社会分工和企业内部的分工,使旧的分工体系向新的分工体系转变,形成新主体、培育新动力、发展新产业为出发点。供给侧改革的目标是促进社会分工的深化,培育新的发展动力。要把消解产能过剩、形成新的分工体系和发展新型产业作为发力点。同时必须建立与供给侧结构改革相适应的措施,以保障供给侧改革的有效实施。
Marxist political economy takes historical materialism as the basis of methodology and forms the theoretical system of division of labor. Starting with the nature of social labor, the author studies the connotation of division of labor, systematically examines the role of social organization at all levels of division of labor as the conditions of commodity exchange and market, and studies the relationship between division of labor and system. Supply-side reform is a new way of looking for new growth and new impetus to the economy, promoting economic growth through improving social production. Therefore, the essence of the reform on the supply side is to improve and adjust the division of labor, form a new division of labor system, and adapt the relationship between productive forces and production so as to promote economic growth and economic development. The reform on the supply side not only aims to improve social division of labor but also emphasizes the improvement of the division of labor within the enterprise. It is necessary to reform the combination of the productive forces and the relations of production so that the domestic division of production and the international division of labor are coordinated. According to the theory of division of labor in Marxist political economy, the supply-side reform must take the improvement of social division of labor and internal division of labor so that the old division of labor system will shift to a new system of division of labor, form a new main body, cultivate new impetus and develop new industries . The goal of supply-side reform is to promote the deepening of social division of labor and foster new impetus for development. We should eliminate excess capacity, form a new division of labor system and develop new industries as the starting point. At the same time, it is necessary to establish measures that are compatible with the supply-side structural reforms so as to ensure the effective implementation of supply-side reforms.