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以中间体聚琥珀酰亚胺(PSI)为原料,己二胺为交联剂,通过在乙醇和水的混合介质中水解,合成了环境友好型的聚天冬氨酸高吸水性树脂。研究了乙醇和水的体积比对水解过程和产物性能的影响。结果表明,当乙醇和水的体积比为7∶3时,树脂分散均匀,体系无粘结,且水解产物吸水性能最好。通过正交实验考察了在最佳乙醇用量的水解介质中进行水解时,PSI相对分子质量、水解温度、体系pH值和水解时间对吸水性树脂吸水性能的影响,得到了合成高吸水性树脂的最佳工艺条件为:PSI分子量为88500、水解温度35℃、pH值9.5～10.0、水解时间4h。在此最优条件下所制备的吸水性树脂的吸水率达1021倍。对产物进行TG测试结果表明,所制备的吸水树脂具有良好的热稳定性。
An environmentally friendly polyaspartic acid superabsorbent was synthesized by using polysuccinimide (PSI) as the starting material and hexamethylenediamine as the crosslinking agent by hydrolysis in the mixed medium of ethanol and water. The effect of the volume ratio of ethanol to water on the hydrolysis process and product properties was studied. The results show that when the volume ratio of ethanol to water is 7: 3, the resin is uniformly dispersed, the system has no bond, and the hydrolysates have the best water absorption capacity. The effects of PSI molecular weight, hydrolysis temperature, system pH value and hydrolysis time on the water-absorbing properties of water-absorbent resin were investigated by orthogonal experiments. The optimum conditions of water-absorbing resin The optimum conditions were as follows: molecular weight of PSI was 85,500, hydrolysis temperature was 35 ℃, pH value was 9.5 ~ 10.0, hydrolysis time was 4h. Under the optimal conditions, the water absorption of the prepared water-absorbing resin is 1021 times. TG test results showed that the prepared water-absorbing resin has good thermal stability.