本文报告了一例曾于1956年患过黑热病在兴平县医院(即当时的黑热病防治所)住院治疗,症状为发烧、脾脏肿大、脱发、鼻衄、经胸骨穿刺、骨髓涂片显微镜检查利杜体阳性。治疗使用葡葡糖酸锑钠一个疗程治疗(60mg/kg肌注15d疗法)。治疗后痊愈即体温正常、3个月后脾肿消失,此后再无不适,经26年后于1982年6月复发。出现发烧、肝脾肿大,以脾大为显著、肋下4指,经检查,髂骨穿刺、骨髓涂 This article reports an example of a hospitalized patient who had had kala-azar in 1956 at Xingping County Hospital (known as the Kala-azar Prevention and Control Unit at that time). The symptoms were fever, splenomegaly, hair loss, epistaxis, transnasal suturing, and bone marrow smear microscopy Du body positive. Treatment with antimony gluconate a course of treatment (60mg / kg intramuscular 15d therapy). After treatment, the body temperature was normal, 3 months after the spleen disappeared, then no discomfort, after 26 years in June 1982 recurrence. A fever, hepatosplenomegaly, splenomegaly significantly, four ribs under, after examination, iliac puncture, bone marrow smear