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一、我国国债发行的基本状况国债是一个国家为了实现其职能,按有借有还的信用原则,从国内筹集资金的一种形式。建国后,我国的国债发行经历了三个阶段。第一阶段:是1950年发行的“人民胜利折实公债”。当时发行国债的目的主要是为了弥补财政赤字,制止通货膨胀,稳定市场物价。为使购买者不致遭受货币贬值的损失,将国债面额按实物计算单位定名为“分”。每分公债值按当时上海、天津、汉口、西安、广州、重庆六大城市的大米3公斤(天津为小米)、面粉0.75公斤、白细布4尺和煤炭8公斤的批发价格加权平均计算。发行总额定为2亿分,实际上发行了1亿分,折
First, the basic situation of China’s government bonds issued Treasury bonds is a country in order to achieve its functions, according to borrowed by the principle of credit, from domestic financing of a form. After the founding of our nation, our national debt issuance has gone through three stages. The first stage: issued in 1950, “people’s victory redeemed public bonds.” At that time, the purpose of issuing treasury bonds was mainly to make up for the fiscal deficits, stop inflation and stabilize market prices. In order for the buyer not to suffer the devaluation of the currency, the denomination of the national debt shall be denominated as the “physical unit”. The bond value per share was calculated on the basis of the weighted wholesale prices of 3 kg of rice (millet from Tianjin), 0.75 kg of flour, 4 kg of fine white cloth and 8 kg of coal at the time in Shanghai, Tianjin, Hankou, Xi’an, Guangzhou and Chongqing. The total issue was set at 200 million points, actually issued 100 million points, discount