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“孝”作为伦理道德的一个核心概念,在中国有着深远的历史渊源和深厚的社会基础。它是原始社会末期父家长制的产物,也是人类社会家族血缘关系在伦理道德上的反映。传统的“孝”以赡养父母、养亲敬亲、继志述事、承意尊亲与慎重追远、丧葬祭祀之礼为基本内涵与典型特征。基于自然性的血缘关系的“孝”是一种家庭伦理观念,是维系家庭和谐的一种重要的守则;它也是维持政治秩序的一种重要的手段。“孝”还体现了父家长制下权力的制约、人际的差序伦理以及家国一体、移孝作忠的社会结构。
As a core concept of ethics, “filial piety” has far-reaching historical origins and profound social foundation in China. It is a product of the patriarchal patriarchal system of the primitive society in the end as well as an ethical reflection of the kinship of the human society. The traditional “filial piety ” to support their parents, raising their own loved ones, following the story, with the intention of respecting and prudent chase, funeral ritual as the basic content and typical characteristics. The “filial piety” based on the kinship of nature is a kind of family ethics and is an important code of maintaining family harmony. It is also an important means of maintaining political order. “Filial piety ” also reflects the constraints of power under the patriarchal parent-child system, the ethics of interpersonal differences, and the social structure of shifting family integrity and loyalty to filial piety.