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1 简介 货物集装箱化是自19世纪蒸汽机船替代帆船以来世界航运史上最重大的一次革命,其影响超越海运而波及其它的地面运输方式。集装箱化促成了铁路双层货车的发明,造成了美国第二个州际运输系统的形成(见附图①)。多式联运在欧洲、亚洲以及其它大陆也获得迅速发展。整个世界因为集装箱化以及多式联运的发展而变小了。
1 INTRODUCTION Cargo containerization is the most significant revolution in the history of world shipping since the replacement of sailing ships by nineteenth-century steamships, and their impact transcended maritime transport to other forms of ground transportation. Containerization led to the invention of a double-decker railway truck, resulting in the formation of the second interstate transportation system in the United States (see Figure 1). Multimodal transport is also gaining rapid growth in Europe, Asia and other continents. The world has become smaller because of the containerization and the development of multimodal transport.