Chemotherapy-induced neuropathy is a serious clinical problem for patients receiving cancer treatment.The aim of this study was to investigate the potential efficacy of pregabalin in chemotherapy-induced neuropathy in rats.A total of 35 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 5 groups:group 1,naive control;group 2,treated with pregabalin(30 mg/kg p.o.,for 8 days);group 3,docetaxel was given by single intravenous infusion at 10 mg/kg;groups 4 and 5,pregabalin at 10 mg/kg and 30 mg/kg respectively was orally administered for 8 days after the docetaxel treatment.On day 8,behavioral test was performed,and substance P and CGRP release in dorsal root ganglion(DRG) and sciatic nerve were analyzed by electron microscope.Our results showed that docetaxel induced mechanical allodynia,mechanical hyperalgesia,heat hypoalgesia,cold allodynia,and sciatic nerve impairment and substance P and CGRP release in DRG.However,oral administration of pregabalin(10 mg/kg and 30 mg/kg) for 8 consecutive days significantly attenuated docetaxel-induced neuropathy by ameliorating heat hypoalgesia,cold allodynia,impairment of sciatic nerve and reducing the release of substance P and CGRP.The findings in the present study reveal that pregabalin may be a potential treatment agent against chemotherapy-induced neuropathy. Chemotherapy-induced neuropathy is a serious clinical problem for patients receiving cancer treatment. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential efficacy of pregabalin in chemotherapy-induced neuropathy in rats. A total of 35 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 5 groups 3, docetaxel was given by intravenous infusion at 10 mg / kg; groups 4 and 5, pregabalin at 10 (group 8, treated with pregabalin (30 mg / kg po, On day 8, a behavioral test was performed, and substance P and CGRP release in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) and sciatic nerve were analyzed by electron microscope (mg / kg and 30 mg / kg respectively orally administered for 8 days after the docetaxel treatment .Our results showed that docetaxel induced mechanical allodynia, mechanical hyperalgesia, heat hypoalgesia, cold allodynia, and sciatic nerve impairment and substance P and CGRP release in DRG.However, oral administration of pregabalin (10 mg / kg and 30 mg / kg) for 8 consecu tive days significantly attenuated docetaxel-induced neuropathy by ameliorating heat hypoalgesia, cold allodynia, impairment of sciatic nerve and reducing the release of substance P and CGRP.The findings in the present study reveal that pregabalin may be a potential treatment agent against chemotherapy-induced neuropathy .