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名物词即指称百科事物名称的词。名物词得名的理据折射出百科事物与人们物质生活、精神活动之间的关系。《尔雅·释天》共收释名物词154个,其得名理据大致分属空间方位特征、变化活动特征、四季气候特征、心理感觉特征、程度范围特征、材料规格特征六个方面。通过对《尔雅·释天》名物词得名理据的研究,不仅能增广见闻,博物不惑,而且还能窥见远古天文历法与华夏先民的生产劳动、精神活动之间的联系。
The noun is the word referring to the name of an encyclopaedia. The reasoning of the noun named reflects the relationship between the encyclopaedia and the material and spiritual activities of people. A total of 154 names were released from “Yier Shitian”, which are roughly divided into six aspects: the spatial orientation feature, the changing activity feature, the four seasons climate feature, the psychological feeling feature, the extent extent feature and the material specification feature. Through the study of the famous names of “Yier Shi Tian”, it can not only broaden the knowledge and ignorance of the museum but also can reveal the connection between the ancient astronomical calendar and the productive labor and spiritual activities of the ancestors of Huaxia.