目的:探讨缺血再灌注红霉素预适应对神经型一氧化氮合酶的影响。方法:制备SD大鼠大脑中动脉缺血再灌注模型,用苏木精-伊红染色观察缺血后脑组织形态学改变,用免疫组织化学法显示神经型一氧化氮合酶变化。结果:神经型一氧化氮合酶在大脑皮层红霉素缺血组表达高于缺血组(P<0.05),红霉素组的表达高于正常对照组(P<0.05)。结论:红霉素预适应促进神经型一氧化氮合酶表达,保护脑组织,避免损伤。 Objective: To investigate the effect of erythromycin preconditioning on neuronal nitric oxide synthase in rats. Methods: The model of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) was made in SD rats. The morphological changes of brain tissue were observed by hematoxylin - eosin staining and the changes of neuronal nitric oxide synthase were detected by immunohistochemistry. Results: The expression of neuronal nitric oxide synthase in cerebral cortex erythromycin group was higher than that in ischemic group (P <0.05). The expression of erythromycin group was higher than that of normal control group (P <0.05). Conclusion: Erythromycin preconditioning can promote the expression of neuronal nitric oxide synthase, protect brain tissue and avoid injury.