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研究了氟碳铈精矿经预脱氟后加氯化铵焙烧分解 ,再用热水浸取焙砂从而制取氯化稀土的新工艺。系统考察了脱氟剂、反应温度、氯化剂用量、氯化时间等因素对氟碳铈精矿稀土提取率的影响 ,并对工艺进行了优化 ;当在 50 0℃下添加相当于矿重 30 %的脱氟剂脱去氟后 ,再在 4 80℃下加入相当于矿重 2倍的氯化铵焙烧 1 5h ,焙砂用热水浸取得到氯化稀土溶液 ,稀土提取率可达 80 %以上 ,浸出液中Fe、Al、Si等非稀土杂质含量很低。
The new process of preparation of rare earth chloride by bastnaesite concentrate pre-defluorination followed by calcination and decomposition of ammonium chloride was studied. The influence of the factors such as defluoridation agent, reaction temperature, amount of chlorination agent, chlorination time and so on on the extraction rate of rare earth from bastnaesite was systematically investigated, and the process was optimized. When the equivalent weight of ore was added at 50 ℃, 30% of the fluorine off the fluorine off, and then added at 4 80 ° C equivalent to 2 times the weight of ammonium chloride roasting 1 5h, calcination with hot water leaching obtained rare earth chloride solution, rare earth extraction rate up to More than 80%, leaching solution Fe, Al, Si and other non-rare earth impurities is very low.