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这篇论文包括两部分。第一部分分析《单向度人》一书中有关技术社会的观点,马尔库塞认为技术造就了单向度的社会,技术是一种意识形态,科学技术以及与其相应的生活方式产生了一种思想和行为的方式,这种思想和行为方式反过来又对人进行新的统治。第二部分讨论哈贝马斯《作为意识形态的科学技术》一文对马尔库塞的批判与继承。哈贝马斯给技术社会开出的药方是实现交往行为的合理化,这不同于马尔库塞的期待技术的否定性的转变的观点。
This paper includes two parts. The first part analyzes the viewpoints of technical society in “One-Dimensional Man”, that Marcuse believes that technology has created a one-dimensional society. Technology is an ideology, science and technology and its corresponding life style Thought and behavior, which, in turn, reign in people. The second part discusses the criticism and inheritance of Marcuse by Habermas in his article “The Science and Technology as Ideology.” Habermas’s prescription for technical society is to rationalize communication, which is different from Marcuse’s expectation that technology should change negatively.