目的了解近10年溃疡性结肠炎（UC）的发病特点。方法收集近10年成都市三家医院的UC住院病例，并进行临床评价。结果198例中，男:女为1．63：1，平均年龄45.6岁，平均病程3．74年。病情严重度以轻中度为多（79．8％），左半结肠受累者占49.5％，临床症状以腹泻（89．9％）和脓血便（73．2％）多见，肠镜检查以粘膜红斑（94％）和糜烂、浅溃疡（73％）多见，院外误诊率23．7％。近3年UC病例增多。结论我国UC近年明显增多，其发病年龄偏大，病情较轻，易被误诊。 Objective To understand the incidence of ulcerative colitis (UC) in recent 10 years. Methods The UC cases in three hospitals in Chengdu in the past 10 years were collected and evaluated clinically. Results 198 cases, male: female 1.63: 1, average age 45.6 years, the average duration of 3.74 years. Serious severity was mild to moderate (79.8%), left colon involvement was 49.5%, clinical symptoms were diarrhea (89.9%) and pus and blood stool (73.2%) were more common, colonoscopy Erythema mucosa (94%) and erosion, superficial ulcer (73%) more common misdiagnosis rate of 23.7%. UC cases increased in recent 3 years. Conclusions UC in China increased significantly in recent years, its age of onset is too large, mild disease, easily misdiagnosed.