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表达能性范畴的助动词和能性述补结构在琉球官话系列课本中的语义分布不同。在统计考察历史语料的基础上,联系现代南北方言能性范畴的表达方式,我们发现琉球官话课本中能性范畴的使用情况与同时期北方文献存在差别;这种类型上的差别也存在于现代南北方言中,即南方方言能性述补结构可以表示能性范畴的所有下位义;北方方言则使用助动词表示能性范畴的所有下位义。另外在肯定式、否定式的比率、宾语的位置等方面,南北方言也存在差异。这是一个值得注意的具有方言类型学意义的问题。
The semantic distributions of auxiliary verbs and empyematic complement structures in the range of expressiveness are different in Ryukyu Mandarin series textbooks. Based on the statistical analysis of the historical corpus and the connection between the present and the southern and northern dialects, we find that there is a difference between the use of energy categories in Ryukyu Mandarin and the Northern literature in the same period. This type of difference also exists in the modern In the northern and southern dialects, the southern dialect’s emphatic complement structure can represent all the inferior meanings of the emphatic category; the northern dialect uses the auxiliary verbs to represent all the inferior meanings of the emphatic category. In addition, positive and negative forms of ratio, the location of objects, etc., there are differences between North and South dialects. This is a noteworthy issue of dialectical typology.