针对实际教学中普遍存在的凭经验、照答案、教师一言堂式的低效习题教学,提出习题教学必须关注学生的原认知结构,通过四维认知诊断明确和细化教学目标,采用多样、有效的教学策略组织教学,注重学生的主动思维过程,促进学生认知结构的发展。 Aiming at the problems that exist in practice, such as experience, answer and teacher’s impromptu problem, this paper puts forward that problem-oriented teaching must pay attention to students’ original cognitive structure, clarify and refine teaching objectives through four-dimensional cognitive diagnosis, adopt diverse and effective Teaching strategies to organize teaching, pay attention to the students ’active thinking process, and promote the development of students’ cognitive structure.