市场化改革是中国经济增长的重要推动力。本文设计了一个涵盖经济主体、生产要素、法制环境三方面的市场化指标体系,测度出全国31个省、自治区、直辖市17年的市场化指数,并考察了市场化改革对经济增长的贡献。研究结果表明:全国市场化水平呈现整体上升趋势,地区间市场化水平的非均衡现象依然存在,并证伪了“相邻区位市场化水平近似”和“国进民退”的观点。不仅如此,计量结果显示,从1997年到2013年,当市场化水平增加一个单位时地区经济发展水平提升12%。市场化建设的推进将是新常态背景下我国地区经济平稳较快发展的可行之策。 Market-oriented reform is an important driving force for China’s economic growth. This article designs a market-oriented index system covering economic subjects, factors of production and the legal environment, measures the 17-year market-oriented index of 31 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government in the country and examines the contribution of market-oriented reforms to economic growth. The results show that the marketization level in the whole country is on an overall upward trend, and the unbalanced marketization level in the region still exists, and the falsification of “the marketization level of neighboring regions” and “the return of state-owned enterprises” View. Moreover, the measurement results show that from 1997 to 2013, the level of regional economic development increased by 12% when the market level increased by one unit. The marketization of marketization will be a feasible strategy for the steady and rapid economic development in our region in the new normal.