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汽车是主要的污染源之一,特别是在城市区域。可以认为采用对环保有益的燃料是减少排放非常有效的手段。就柴油机而论,减少氮氧化物和颗粒排放是关键。虽然燃料对 NO_x(氮氧化物)排放的影响较小,但柴油的成分和参数对颗粒排放和成分影响较大。含硫量是燃油主要特性之一,它对颗粒具有最重要的影响。本文介绍在燃用不同含硫量的柴油时柴油机颗粒排放的研究结果。研究用柴油的含硫量从2000 ppm 变化到350 ppm(欧3),再从50 ppm(欧4限值,将在欧共体内从2005年1月1日起强制执行)直至小于5 ppm。在一辆轿车上进行了试验,其发动机为高速、4缸、涡轮增压、排量约2L 的柴油机。还有一台类似的发动机安装在试验台架上。试验证实,柴油中的含硫量对颗粒排放有很大影响,因此应进一步减少柴油的含硫量。
Cars are one of the major sources of pollution, especially in urban areas. It can be argued that the use of environmentally friendly fuels is a very effective means of reducing emissions. In the case of diesel engines, reducing nitrogen oxides and particulate emissions is the key. Although the effect of fuel on NO x emissions is small, the composition and parameters of diesel fuel have a greater impact on particulate emissions and composition. Sulfur content is one of the main characteristics of the fuel, it has the most important impact on the particles. This paper presents the results of diesel particulate emissions when burning diesel with different sulfur contents. Research Diesel sulfur content from 2000 ppm to 350 ppm (Europe 3), and then from 50 ppm (Euro 4 limit, within the EC from January 1, 2005 enforcement) until less than 5 ppm. In a car on the test, the engine is high-speed, 4-cylinder, turbocharged, displacement of about 2L diesel engine. There is also a similar engine mounted on a test bench. The experiment confirmed that the sulfur content of diesel has a great impact on particle emission, so the sulfur content of diesel oil should be further reduced.