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利用小麦(Triticum aestivum L.)与玉米(Zea mays L.)进行远缘杂交,是获得小麦单倍体的一条重要途径,也是获得双单倍体(Double haploid,DH)植株、构建小麦遗传群体的重要途径之一。为创建小麦抗吸浆虫DH群体,在温室条件下对5个小麦抗、感吸浆虫杂交组合进行了单倍体诱导试验。结果表明:小麦不同基因型对诱导单倍体胚形成有较大影响;小麦授粉后适宜的2,4-D点药时间为6~36h;适宜的2,4-D药液为10~30mg/L;授粉后适宜的剥胚培养时间为14~16天,授粉后茎秆离体培养有较好的诱导效果,培养温度以20~25℃为宜。提出了在温室条件下高效诱导小麦单倍体植株的方法及条件。
Far-crossing hybridization between wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and maize (Zea mays L.) is an important way to obtain wheat haploid. It is also to obtain double haploid (DH) plants and construct wheat genetic population One of the important ways. To create a DHMD serogroup DH population, haploid induction experiments were conducted in a cross combination of five wheat resistant and gastrobin in greenhouse conditions. The results showed that different genotypes of wheat had a significant effect on the induction of haploid embryogenesis. The suitable 2,4-D point of pollination after wheat pollination was 6 to 36 hours and the suitable 2,4-D drug solution was 10 to 30 mg / L; suitable peel embryo culture time is 14-16 days after pollination, and the induction effect of the stem culture after pollination is good, and the culture temperature is preferably 20-25 ° C. Methods and conditions for efficient induction of wheat haploid plants under greenhouse conditions were proposed.