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对上饶早梨3个主栽品种的病毒种类进行分析,并对其不同茎尖脱毒技术的效率进行比较。结果表明,花厅六月雪和田墩六月雪没有检测到苹果茎痘病毒(ASPV),花厅黄皮消检测到ASPV,田墩六月雪、花厅六月雪和花厅黄皮消均检测到苹果茎沟病毒(ASGV)和苹果锈果类病毒(ASSVd),但均未检测到苹果褪绿叶斑病毒(ACLSV)和苹果花叶病毒(Ap MV)。对于上饶早梨3个主栽品种来说,超低温疗法的脱毒效率显著高于常规茎尖培养,在3种超低温疗法脱毒技术中,包埋玻璃化法超低温疗法的脱毒效率最高。SSR荧光标记毛细管电泳检测表明,常规茎尖培养和3种超低温疗法脱毒技术均能保证上饶早梨3个主栽品种的遗传稳定性。该研究有助于上饶早梨种苗病毒病害的检测鉴定和实时监控检疫,同时也可为建立上饶早梨种质资源超低温库和生产无毒苗提供一定的技术支撑。
The virus types of three main cultivars in Shangrao Zaibei were analyzed, and the efficiency of different tip-tip detoxification techniques was compared. The results showed that no detectable apple pox virus (ASPV) was detected in Huetong June snow and Juntian Snow in Huatian, ASPV was detected in Huatian Huangpi, apples were detected in Juntian Snow in Tiananmen, (ASGV) and apple rust virus (ASSVd), but neither ACLSV nor Ap MV was detected. For the three main cultivars of early pear in Shangrao, the detoxification efficiency of cryogenic therapy was significantly higher than that of conventional shoot tip culture. Among the three cryogenic therapy detoxification technologies, cryogenic therapy with embedding vitrification method had the highest detoxification efficiency. The results of SSR fluorescence-labeled capillary electrophoresis showed that both the conventional shoot tip culture and the three cryogenic therapy detoxification techniques could ensure the genetic stability of the three main cultivars of Shangrao early pear. The study is helpful for the detection, identification and real-time monitoring and quarantine of early pear seedling virus disease in Shangrao, and also for providing some technical support for establishing the ultra-low temperature germplasm of Shangrao early pear and producing non-toxic vaccine.