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通过金相、扫描、能谱和辉光等方法研究了酸洗板表层以及热基镀锌板锌层中的元素分布规律,锌层组织特点及粘附性控制机理。结果表明:酸洗板存放时间长,表层C、O元素含量高,Si、Mn元素易在酸洗板表面富集,基板入锌锅前易带入杂物,退火过程中表面还原不充分,锌液中Al元素与带钢表面氧反应不充分导致基板与锌层间存在过量氧化物,造成锌层粘附不良。钢板入锌锅温度460℃时,锌层中易于形成ζ、δ1和Г等脆性相的合金化层,造成冲压脱锌;钢板入锌锅温度440℃时,Al Fe3抑制层更靠近锌层,更能有效抑制Fe向锌层扩散,减小合金层的厚度。
The distribution of elements, the microstructure of zinc layer and the control mechanism of the adhesion were studied by metallography, scanning, energy spectrum and glow. The results show that the pickling plates have long storage time and high contents of C and O in the surface layer. Si and Mn elements are easy to be enriched on the pickling plate surface. Before the substrate enters the zinc pot, Insufficient reaction of Al element in the zinc solution with the surface oxygen of the strip leads to excessive oxide between the substrate and the zinc layer, resulting in poor adhesion of the zinc layer. When the steel plate enters the zinc pot temperature of 460 ℃, the alloying layer of ζ, δ1 and Г and other brittle phases is easily formed in the zinc layer, resulting in punching and dezincification. When the steel plate enters the zinc pot temperature of 440 ℃, the Al Fe3 inhibition layer is closer to the zinc layer, More effectively inhibit the diffusion of Fe to the zinc layer, reducing the thickness of the alloy layer.