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1983年5月,乙型肝炎表面抗原(HBsAg)阴性的急性病毒性肝炎病例的登记数急剧上升。为了采取相应的预防和管理,对测定传染源和传染方式进行了一次深入的流行病学调查研究。从1983年5月21日～9月29日,总共登记了322例急性病毒性肝炎,追踪接触者未发现有额外的黄疸病例,在登记的病例中,107例HBsAg阳性,26例系来自国外,其余189例是本地感染的,161例在用逆行被动血凝法筛选时,HBsAg阴性,28例是根据临床诊断的。新加坡的三大人种之间,华人的感染率最高。最高年龄感染组为15～34岁,男与女的比例为2.4:1,3/4的病例需要住院,未有死亡者,病例广泛分布于全岛,没有集中于居民点或工作场所。极大多数(65.8%)生活在高级公寓备有现代化卫生设备,未发现与特殊食品所关。25例急性病例中的23例,血清学检查有抗甲型肝炎病毒抗体IgM,证实为甲型肝炎,其他3例急性病毒性肝炎为HBsAg、抗HBs,抗HBC和抗HAV IgM。从废水污染区中采集的双壳软体动物对健康的危害是人所共知的,由于它们是过滤性摄入者,故可从微量污染的水中浓集病毒。1983年的流行与食用蛤
In May 1983, the number of acute viral hepatitis cases with negative hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) registered a sharp increase. In order to take corresponding prevention and management, an in-depth epidemiological investigation was conducted on the determination of the source of infection and the mode of transmission. A total of 322 cases of acute viral hepatitis were enrolled from May 21 to September 29, 1983, and no additional cases of jaundice were found in the follow-up contacts. Of the enrolled cases, 107 were HBsAg positive and 26 were from abroad , And the remaining 189 were locally infected. 161 were negative for HBsAg when they were screened by retrograde hemagglutination, and 28 were clinically diagnosed. Between the three major ethnic groups in Singapore, the highest infection rate in China. The highest age group was 15 to 34 years old. The ratio of men to women was 2.4: 1 in 3 of 4 patients needed hospitalization and no deaths. The cases were widely distributed in the whole island and were not concentrated in residential areas or workplaces. The vast majority (65.8%) lived in high-end apartments equipped with modern sanitation equipment and found no special food related. Twenty-five of the 25 acute cases were serologically tested for anti-hepatitis A virus IgM, confirmed as hepatitis A, and the other 3 acute viral hepatitis were HBsAg, anti-HBs, anti-HBC and anti-HAV IgM. It is well known that the health hazards of bivalve molluscs collected from the contaminated areas of wastewater are well known. As they are filterable ingestion, viruses can be concentrated from trace amounts of contaminated water. 1983 popular and edible clams