目的:观察变应性鼻炎(allergic rhinitis，AR)患者接受标准化双螨(屋尘螨、粉尘螨)变应原注射液皮下免疫治疗(subcutaneous immunotherapy，SCIT)时发生全身及局部不良反应的情况，比较其发生频率及严重程度，分析相关临床因素，探讨合理处理不良反应的方式。方法:采集2016年1月至2018年12月在常州市第三人民医院耳鼻咽喉科变态反应疾病专科门诊进行SCIT的400例螨虫过敏患者资料，年龄(5～60)岁，使用双螨变应原注射液在上臂远端1/3处行皮下注射，记录患者每次发生的速发性及迟发性不良反应情况，分析发生不良反应的例数和针次数、症状体征、发生时间及不良反应处理等，探讨不良反应与患者年龄、性别、变应原注射剂量以及合并过敏性疾病种类等的关系。结果:400例AR患者中有72例出现不良反应(18.00%)，所有患者共接受13 129针次皮下注射，127次发生不良反应(0.97%)，其中，速发性60次(47.24%)，迟发性67次(52.76%)，局部不良反应6次(4.72%)，全身Ⅰ级不良反应93次(73.23%)，Ⅱ级25次(19.69%)，Ⅲ级3次(2.36%)，无Ⅳ级反应。以病例数和注射针次统计不良反应发生率，在男女性别方面差异均无统计学意义(n P>0.05)；以病例数和注射针次数统计，年龄≤14岁患者不良反应发生率均明显高于>14岁患者，差异有统计学意义(n χ2值分别为13.84和19.212，n P值均<0.05)。按病例数统计，以合并多种过敏性疾病患者不良反应发生率最高，为24.10%，合并特异性皮炎患者不良反应发生率最低，为14.29%；按针次数统计，合并多种过敏性疾病患者不良反应发生率最高，为1.32%，单纯AR患者不良反应发生率最低，为0.79%。不良反应发生于初始治疗时15次(11.81%)，发生于维持治疗时112次(88.19%)；在1000 TU/mL以上的高剂量阶段，不良反应发生率占85.83%(109/127)，与1000 TU/mL以下剂量相比，差异具有统计学意义(n χ2＝35.649，n P14 years, the difference was statistically significant ( n χ2= 13.84 and 19.212, respectively, both n P values0.05). According to the number of cases, the incidence of adverse reactions in patients with multiple allergic diseases was the highest (24.10%), and that of patients with combined dermatitis was the lowest (14.29%). According to the number of stitches, the incidence of adverse reactions was the highest in patients with multiple allergic diseases (1.32%), the lowest was found in patients with simple AR (0.79%). Adverse reactions occurred 15 times (11.81%) during the build-up phase and 112 times (88.19%) during the maintenance phases. The incidence of adverse reactions was 85.83% in the high-dose phase above 1000 TU/mL. It was significantly higher compared with the dose below 1000 TU/mL (n χ2=35.649, n P<0.05).n Conclusions:The incidence of adverse reactions was less than 1% by injections, and the safety and tolerance were good during standardized mites SCIT in perennial AR patients. The incidence of adverse reactions was significantly correlated with age, high dose of allergen injection, and allergic rhinitis complicated with multiple allergic diseases.