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目的观察苦瓜水提取物对大鼠的毒副作用。方法将苦瓜水提取物按1.25 g/(kg bw)、2.50 g/(kg bw)、5.00 g/(kg bw)剂量给大鼠连续灌胃30 d,测定体重、进食量,计算食物利用率,实验末采血测定血象和血生化指标。结果苦瓜水提取物各剂量组对大鼠体重增长、总进食量及食物利用率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。与相应对照组比较,雄鼠5.00 g/(kg bw)剂量组白细胞总数显著降低,1.25 g/(kg bw)、5.00 g/(kg bw)剂量组天冬氨酸转氨酶显著降低,雌鼠2.50 g/(kg bw)剂量组白蛋白显著降低,雌雄鼠三个剂量组总蛋白均低于对照组,其中2.50 g/(kg bw)、5.00 g/(kg bw)剂量雌鼠组总蛋白降低有统计学意义。雄鼠总蛋白降低有剂量依赖性,相关系数为-0.964,呈显著负相关。各剂量对其他血液学、血生化指标、肝脏、脾脏、肾脏和雄鼠睾丸、雌鼠卵巢的绝对重量、脏/体比值等差异无统计学意义。大体解剖和组织病理检查未见与样品有关的异常改变。结论给大鼠喂养苦瓜水提取物30 d,可引起大鼠总蛋白降低,高达5.00 g/(kg bw)的剂量未产生其他可观察到的毒副作用。
Objective To observe the toxic side effects of water extract of bitter melon on rats. Methods The balsam pear water was added to the rats at doses of 1.25 g / (kg bw), 2.50 g / (kg bw) and 5.00 g / (kg bw) for 30 days. The body weight and food intake were measured and the food utilization rate At the end of the experiment, blood and blood biochemistry indexes were determined. Results There was no significant difference in body weight gain, total food intake and food utilization between each dose group of Balsam pear and water extract (P> 0.05). Compared with the corresponding control group, the total leukocyte count in the 5.00 g / (kg bw) group was significantly decreased, while the aspartate aminotransferase (ALT) was significantly decreased in the 1.25 g / (kg bw) and 5.00 g / (kg bw) Total protein in g / (kg bw) dose group was significantly lower than that in control group, and the total protein in female mice was lower than that in control group (2.50 g / (kg bw), 5.00 g / (kg bw) There is statistical significance. Male rats total protein decreased in a dose-dependent manner, the correlation coefficient was -0.964, a significant negative correlation. There was no significant difference in the absolute weight, the ratio of dirty / body of other hematology, blood biochemical indexes, liver, spleen, kidney and male rats testes and female rats ovaries. Gross anatomy and histopathological examination showed no abnormal changes related to the sample. Conclusions The water extract of balsam pear could reduce the total protein in rats after feeding 30d water extract of balsam pear. The dose of up to 5.00 g / (kg bw) did not produce any other observable toxicity.