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目的分析深圳市无偿献血人群HIV感染者的流行病学特征,探讨无偿献血招募应对措施。方法采用描述性流行病学方法回顾性分析2008—2012年深圳市无偿献血者HIV感染情况及其人群特征。结果 2008—2012年共检测无偿献血者血样330 635人份,检出HIV阳性99例,阳性率为29.94/10万,各年阳性检出率分别为10.96/10万、10.41/10万、33.62/10万、41.34/10万、43.61/10万,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。99例HIV阳性献血者中,男性96例,女性3例,男女性别比为32∶1;年龄以18~30岁为主(65例,占65.7%);外地户籍占82.8%(82例);职业以职员为主(45例,占45.5%);文化程度以高中及以下为主(63例,占63.6%);未婚者占72.7%(72例);初次献血者占71.7%(71例)。HIV合并梅毒感染25例,占25.3%。结论深圳市无偿献血人群中HIV感染率呈逐年上升趋势,应针对深圳市无偿献血人群HIV感染现状,在献血宣传中全面开展健康教育,提高工作人员对献血者的健康评估、咨询技巧及甄别排除高危人群的能力。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of HIV-infected persons in Shenzhen voluntary blood donation population and to explore the measures to deal with them. Methods The descriptive epidemiological method was used to retrospectively analyze HIV infection and its population characteristics of unpaid blood donors in Shenzhen from 2008 to 2012. Results A total of 330 635 blood samples were collected from unpaid blood donors in 2008-2012. The positive rate of HIV positive was 99.9%, the positive rate was 29.94 / 100 000. The positive rates were 10.96 / 100000, 10.41 / 100000, 33.62 / 100000, 41.34 / 100000, 43.61 / 100000, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.01). Ninety-nine HIV-positive donors included 96 males and 3 females, with a male-to-female ratio of 32: 1. The age was 18 to 30 years old (65 cases, 65.7%), and 82.8% (45 cases, accounting for 45.5%); the educational level was mainly in high school and below (63 cases, accounting for 63.6%); the unmarried persons accounted for 72.7% (72 cases); the first blood donors accounted for 71.7% (71 cases) example). Syphilis infection with HIV in 25 cases, accounting for 25.3%. Conclusions The HIV prevalence rate in unpaid blood donation in Shenzhen shows an increasing trend year by year. According to the status quo of HIV infection in unpaid blood donors in Shenzhen, health education should be carried out comprehensively in blood donation promotion to improve the health assessment, counseling skills and screening of blood donors The ability of high-risk groups.