世界许多国家对海洋资源的勘探、开采和加工已具相当的规模。如美国打算1990年,海洋采矿投资大约60亿美元。此外,日本、法国及英国也进行了很多勘探开采工作,并花费了不少投资。西德、澳大利亚和加拿大等国都成立了几个大的勘探公司。锰结核矿的生产已成为商品生产。以美国为核 In many countries of the world, the exploration, exploitation and processing of marine resources are already at a considerable scale. As the United States intends to 1990, marine mining investment about 60 billion US dollars. In addition, Japan, France and the United Kingdom also conducted a lot of exploration and mining work, and spent a lot of investment. Several big exploration companies have been set up in West Germany, Australia and Canada. Production of manganese nodules has become a commodity production. Take the United States as the nucleus