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目的掌握西安市蚊类的种群分布、生态习性及季节消长等变化规律,为蚊虫防治提供科学依据。方法人工小时法。结果 2010-2014年共捕蚊2 562只,隶属3属5种。优势种为淡色库蚊,占捕蚊总数的95.00%;其次为白纹伊蚊、三带喙库蚊、中华按蚊和微小按蚊,分别占捕蚊总数的3.16%、1.17%、0.55%、0.12%。季节消长以7、8月为蚊类的活动高峰。不同生境蚊密度以城市最高,其次为城郊结合部,农户最低。结论蚊类种群密度和季节消长与不同的气候、季节和生境有关。在蚊类活动高峰到来前加强环境整治,采用物理、化学综合防治措施,可有效降低蚊密度,减少虫媒传染病的发生。
Objective To understand the distribution patterns of mosquitoes, ecological habits and seasonal changes in Xi’an so as to provide a scientific basis for mosquito control. Method of artificial hour method. Results There were 2 562 mosquito pairs in 2010-2014, belonging to 3 genera and 5 species. The dominant species was Culex pipiens pallens, accounting for 95.00% of the total number of mosquitoes, followed by Aedes albopictus, Culex tritaeniorhynchus, Anopheles sinensis and Anopheles sinensis, accounting for 3.16%, 1.17% and 0.55% , 0.12%. Seasonal fluctuations in July and August as the peak of activity of mosquitoes. The density of mosquitoes in different habitats is the highest in the cities, followed by the suburbs and the lowest in rural areas. Conclusions Mosquito population density and seasonal fluctuation are related to different climates, seasons and habitats. Strengthen the environmental remediation before the peak of mosquito activities, and adopt comprehensive physical and chemical prevention and control measures to effectively reduce mosquito density and reduce the incidence of insect-borne diseases.