为优化模具结构,减少缺陷的产生,研究了轴承套圈反挤压过程中的应力、应变和载荷。以某轴承型号为例,使用Deform软件对轴承套圈反挤压过程进行数值模拟,比较了不同的冲头倒角和料芯厚度与冲头载荷之间的关系。结果显示,冲头倒角在4mm时载荷最小,料芯厚度小于7.5mm时冲头载荷显著增大。实际生产结果表明,使用模拟参数设计的模具结构可以获得优良的锻件,因此,该方法可以为模具参数设计提供依据,尤其是对不锈钢这类容易出现锻造裂纹的材料更具参考价值。 In order to optimize the structure of the die and reduce the defects, the stress, strain and load during the anti-extrusion of the bearing ring were studied. Taking a bearing model as an example, the Deform software was used to simulate the anti-extrusion process of bearing rings. The relationship between different punch chamfering and core thickness and punch load was compared. The results show that when the punch chamfering load is the smallest at 4mm, the punch load increases significantly when the core thickness is less than 7.5mm. The actual production results show that the die structure designed by using the simulation parameters can obtain the excellent forgings, therefore, the method can provide the basis for the design of the die parameters, especially for materials prone to forging such as stainless steel.