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机体是大功率运输柴油机(达6000马力)最重要的主要部件之一。采用低效率的手工弧焊法将具有特殊坡口的20Л号钢铸造骨架拼焊制造时,有以下缺陷:气孔、裂纹、未焊透、因加热不均引起的机体几何形状变形、焊接接头质量不稳定。例如16缸柴油机,由于其机体是由九个铸造骨架所组成,这九个骨架在焊接接头区内沿气缸中心线有五个剖面尺寸为7700~12400毫米~2的面,所以手工焊接这种制件需要消耗大量的工时和焊条,还要在超声波探伤后花费大量工时来去除缺陷焊缝和重焊。苏联巴顿焊接研究所与科洛姆纳内燃
The body is one of the most important major components for high-power diesel transport (up to 6000 hp). The low efficiency of the manual arc welding will be made with a special beryllium 20Si steel skeleton welding tail welding, the following defects: air holes, cracks, not penetration, due to uneven heating caused by the deformation of the body geometry, the quality of welded joints Unstable For example, 16-cylinder diesel engine, because of its body is composed of nine casting skeleton, the nine joints in the weld zone along the cylinder centerline has five cross-sectional dimensions of 7700 ~ 12400 mm ~ 2 surface, so the manual welding of this Pieces need to consume a large number of working hours and welding rod, but also spend a lot of man-hours in ultrasonic flaw detection to remove defects weld and re-welding. Soviet Union Barton Welding Institute and Kolomna Internal Combustion