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目的了解安仁县主要恶性肿瘤死亡流行特征,为防制工作提供科学依据。方法按照全国第三次死因回顾性调查方案,对2004-2005年安仁县主要死因进行回顾性调查,分析主要恶性肿瘤死亡率及构成。结果2004-2005年安仁县恶性肿瘤粗死亡率为134.12/10万,标化率为98.26/10万,死亡数居全死因的第二位;男女标化死亡率分别为102.44万/10万和74.03/10万,男性明显高于女性(χ2=54.941,P=0.000);恶性肿瘤死亡率随年龄增大而增高(χ2=2383.873,P=0.000);居前五位的恶性肿瘤依次为:肝癌、胃癌、肺癌、白血病和食管癌;不同乡镇恶性肿瘤死亡率不同(χ2=135.565,P=0.000);城镇与农村、山地与盆地间的恶性肿瘤死亡水平不同(χ2=8.955,P=0.003;χ2=5.060,P=0.024)。结论安仁县的恶性肿瘤死亡水平男性高于女性,死亡率随年龄增大而增高,不同乡镇死亡水平不同,且城镇低于农村、盆地低于山地。恶性肿瘤仍是危害居民健康的常见病和多发病,尤其是肝癌等消化系统肿瘤在该地区死亡率较高,应有针对性地开展综合防制工作。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of death from major malignancies in Anren County and provide a scientific basis for prevention and control work. Methods According to the retrospective investigation plan of the third death cause in China, the main causes of death in Anren County from 2004 to 2005 were retrospectively analyzed, and the mortality and the composition of major malignant tumors were analyzed. Results The crude death rate of malignant tumors in Anren County from 2004 to 2005 was 134.12 / 100 000, the standardization rate was 98.26 / 100 000 and the number of deaths was the second place of the cause of death. The male and female standardized death rates were 1.0244 million / (Χ2 = 54.941, P = 0.000). Malignant tumor mortality increased with age (χ2 = 2383.873, P = 0.000). The top five malignant tumors were: (Χ2 = 8.955, P = 0.0003); the death rates of malignant tumors in towns and villages, mountainous areas and basins were different (χ2 = 8.955, P = 0.003 ; χ2 = 5.060, P = 0.024). Conclusions The mortality of malignant tumors in Anren County is higher than that in women. The mortality rate increases with age. The death levels in different towns are different. The urban areas are lower than those in rural areas and the basins are lower than the mountainous areas. Malignant tumors are still common and frequently-occurring diseases that endanger the health of residents. In particular, digestive tumors such as liver cancer have a high mortality rate in the area and should be comprehensively controlled.