一、前言一般来说,能源地区和能耗地区往往相距很远,例如能源丰富的葛洲坝水电站距大量使用电力的上海地区就远达一千公里。在这样长的距离上输送电力免不了要损失很多能量。为了尽量减少能量损失,人们必须减小输电线中的电流,这是因为电能的损失是与电流的平方成正比的。为了在减小电流的 I. Preface In general, energy and energy consumption areas are often far apart. For example, the energy-rich Gezhouba Hydropower Station is a thousand kilometers away from the Shanghai area where electricity is widely used. In such a long distance transmission of electricity will inevitably have to lose a lot of energy. In order to minimize energy losses, one must reduce the current in the power line because the loss of energy is proportional to the square of the current. In order to reduce the current