凝固工艺参数对AlNiBi合金干滑动磨损行为的影响

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对经水平定向凝固制备的Al-3%Ni-1%Bi合金(质量分数,%)铸态样品进行微磨料磨损试验,研究凝固热学参数(生长速率(VL)和冷却速率(TR))以及显微组织参数(晶胞间距(λ1)和枝晶间距(λc))对合金耐磨性的影响.摩擦学参数为磨损量(Vw)和磨损速率(Rw).分别利用水冷式水平定向凝固装置和固定旋转式磨球机进行凝固试验和磨损试验.结果表明,具有较细显微组织的样品具有较低的 Vw和 Rw值.Vw和 λ1之间的关系可以用实验数学方程表示.Bi软颗粒和Al3Ni硬金属间化合物颗粒在更细的枝晶间分布较好,因此,具有枝晶组织比具有晶胞组织的铸态样品具有更好的耐磨性,可观察到磨损机理由粘着磨损向磨粒磨损转变.
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