医院感染伴随着医院的诞生而出现,并随着医学的发展、医疗手段的多样化和现代化而日益复杂、加剧。医院感染的发生不仅造成患者住院日的延长,影响病床周转率,使患者、家庭、社会加大经济支出,而且也严重影响患者的预后与安危,甚至对医院的声誉与社会安定均造成重大影响[1],同时 Nosocomial infections accompany the birth of hospitals and become more complex and intensified with the development of medicine and the diversification and modernization of medical methods. The occurrence of nosocomial infection not only causes the extension of the patient’s hospitalization day, affects the turnover rate of the bed, increases the economic expenditure for the patient, family and society, but also seriously affects the prognosis and safety of the patient, and even has a significant impact on the reputation and social stability of the hospital. [1], at the same time