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“基干鸟类(basal birds)”为一种类数量相对较少的化石鸟类,基干鸟类较另一鸟类群——“鸟胸类(Ornithothoraces)”原始;鸟胸类(包括现生鸟类和反鸟类)为一类种类数量很大、具有同一祖先、且来源于基干鸟类的鸟类群。在过去的15年里,共有产自中国的8个属、12个有效种基干鸟类发表,而产自的德国的始祖鸟为唯一的非中国产基干鸟类;当然,孔子鸟化石也发现于朝鲜。本文对产自中国的基干鸟类的形态学、系统发生和生态学进行了简单的综述。中国的化石材料对科学地了解鸟类的早期演化具有重要意义,揭示了基干鸟类个体相对较大、形态特征和生态环境变异也相对较大等特点。尽管有些明显的不确定因素的存在(例如热河鸟、会鸟和中鸟的相对系统关系存有争议),但是由于中国化石材料的存在,鸟类早期演化的真实场景已经愈加清晰。
“Basal birds ” are a relatively small number of fossil birds, and their number is higher than that of another bird - Ornithothoraces; Including live birds and anti-birds) are a large group of birds with the same ancestors and come from the trunk birds. In the past 15 years, a total of 8 genera from China, 12 species of effective species of stem birds published, and the German origin of Archeopteryx originating from the only non-Chinese stem birds; of course, Confucius bird fossils also found in Korea. This article briefly reviews the morphological, phylogenetic and ecological aspects of stem birds from China. Fossil materials in China are of great importance for the scientific understanding of the early evolution of birds, revealing the characteristics of relatively large individual birds, relatively large morphological features and ecological environment variations. Although there are some obvious uncertainties (for example, the relative systematic relationship between Reeves, Pelagos and Chinese birds is controversial), the true scene of early bird evolution has become clearer due to the presence of fossil materials in China.