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目的麻疹、流行性腮腺炎和风疹联合疫苗纳入天津市免疫规划后,对流行性腮腺炎的控制效果进行评价。方法利用全国传染病报告管理系统和天津市流行性腮腺炎专报平台数据分析疾病流行特征和免疫状况,开展血清学监测评价人群抗体水平。结果 2007-2014年天津市流行性腮腺炎发病率从40.34/10万下降到11.14/10万,0~4岁组病例比例从9.50%增加到32.50%,10~14岁组从33.20%降低到12.93%,5~9岁和10-14岁组发病率降幅分别为70.41%和81.05%。2013-2014年共调查<10岁组流行性腮腺炎病例2 195例,个案调查率分别是83.45%和96.78%,病例中87.19%有至少1剂次免疫史。其中18月龄~2岁85.85%有1剂次疫苗免疫史,在3~4岁组中达到91.33%,5-9岁组有73.81%的病例有≥2剂次免疫史。2007-2014年天津市开展了4次健康人群流行性腮腺炎IgG抗体监测,抗体阳性率分别是2007年73.52%、2011年74.09%、2013年74.04%和2014年79.85%,经χ2检验,各年份抗体阳性率无统计学差异(χ~2=6.51,P=0.09)。不同年龄组中,18月龄~2岁、3~4岁和5~9岁组抗体阳性率近年来逐渐升高,其中2014年3~4岁和5~9岁组抗体阳性率分别达到91.53%和98.33%。结论加强流行性腮腺炎监测和实现消除目标,应提高病例实验室检测率和开展2剂次MMR疫苗接种。
Objective Measles, mumps and rubella combined vaccine into the Tianjin immunization program, the mumps control effect evaluation. Methods The epidemic characteristics and immune status of the epidemic were analyzed by using the national infectious disease reporting management system and the data of Tianjin Mumps special report platform to carry out serological monitoring to evaluate the population antibody level. Results The incidence of mumps in Tianjin decreased from 40.34 / 100000 to 11.14 / 100000 between 2007 and 2014. The proportion of patients aged 0-4 years increased from 9.50% to 32.50%, while the incidence of mumps decreased from 33.20% in 10 to 14 years to The incidence rates of 12.93%, 5 ~ 9 years and 10-14 years old groups decreased by 70.41% and 81.05% respectively. A total of 2 195 cases of mumps were surveyed in the 10-year-old group between 2013 and 2014, with case-finding rates of 83.45% and 96.78% respectively. 87.19% of the cases had at least one dose of immunization history. Among them, 85.85% of the patients aged 18 months to 2 years had a vaccine immunization history of 1 dose, reaching 91.33% in the group of 3 to 4 years old and 73.81% of the patients in the group of 5-9 years having a history of more than 2 doses of immunization. In 2007-2014, four anti-mumps IgG antibodies were detected in Tianjin healthy population. The positive rates of antibodies were 73.52% in 2007, 74.09% in 2011, 74.04% in 2013 and 79.85% in 2014 respectively. Byχ2 test, The positive rate of antibody in the year had no statistical difference (χ ~ 2 = 6.51, P = 0.09). In different age groups, the antibody positive rate of 18 months old to 2 years old, 3 to 4 years old and 5 to 9 years old group increased gradually in recent years, among which the positive rate of antibody in 3 ~ 4 years old and 5 ~ 9 years old group in 2014 reached respectively 91.53 % And 98.33%. Conclusion To strengthen mumps monitoring and achieve elimination goals, we should increase case detection rate and conduct 2 doses of MMR vaccination.