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近几年来,关于哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶(mammalian target of rapamycin,mTOR)在各种哺乳动物细胞中调节肌动蛋白微丝极化及肌球蛋白微丝网形成的研究一直在不断地取得新的进展。尽管到目前为止,包括mTORC2上游和下游在内的相关的调控路径还未明确,但是因为mTORC的生物学多样性,使其成为了当今生物学研究的焦点之一。基于长久以来特别是近五年对mTORC2的研究,在涉及细胞运动迁移、增殖分化、蛋白质合成、凋亡及自噬等生物学功能的研究中,一些重要的下游相关调控分子和蛋白相继被发现,比如P-Rex1/2、Rho家族GTPases、PKC、cAMP、p27Kip1等。该综述着重总结了mTORC2实现这些生物学功能所可能通过的四条路径。当然,仍然需要大量的实验数据和研究证据进一步地证实和完善这些已经发现的可能存在的路径。
In recent years, research on mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), which regulates actin filaments and myosin microfilament formation in a variety of mammalian cells, has been continually made new progress. Although the relevant regulatory pathways including upstream and downstream of mTORC2 have not been elucidated so far, the biological diversity of mTORC has become one of the focuses of current biological research. Based on the long history of mTORC2, especially in the last five years, some important downstream regulatory molecules and proteins have been discovered in the study of biological functions such as cell motility, proliferation and differentiation, protein synthesis, apoptosis and autophagy , Such as P-Rex1 / 2, Rho family of GTPases, PKC, cAMP, p27Kip1 and so on. The review highlights four pathways mTORC2 is likely to achieve through these biological functions. Of course, a large amount of experimental data and research evidence are still needed to further confirm and perfect these possible paths that have been found.