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目的了解托幼机构预防性消毒效果合格率是否存在周期规律,为托幼机构卫生管理决策提供科学依据。方法按采样时间录入北京市朝阳区疾病预防控制中心2007—2014年托幼机构消毒效果监测数据,采用χ~2检验或精确概率法比较不同时间周期内(周、气候、取暖)玩具和小毛巾等常规监测项目消毒效果的差异。结果水龙头每周一、二、三、四的消毒合格率分别为68.93%,78.26%,85.81%和83.65%,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=12.18,P=0.007)。小毛巾冬春夏秋的消毒合格率分别为98.28%,100%,96.53%和93.26%,差异有统计学意义(P=0.004);玩具冬春夏秋的消毒合格率分别为99.33%,98.67%,90.82%和98.18%,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=32.21,P<0.01);水龙头冬春夏秋的消毒合格率为79.57%,89.74%,72.58%和78.32%,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=11.41,P=0.010);桌面冬春夏秋的消毒合格率分别为97.50%,95.38%,82.93%和97.67%,差异有统计学意义(P=0.003)。玩具、水龙头、桌面夏季的消毒合格率较其他季节低,小毛巾秋季的消毒合格率较其他季节低。小毛巾非取暖季和取暖季的消毒合格率分别为96.21%和100%,差异有统计学意义(P=0.030);玩具非取暖季和取暖季的消毒合格率分别为95.44%和99.30%,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=4.68,P=0.030),两者均为取暖季的合格率高。结论托幼机构预防性消毒效果存在一些时间周期规律,成因较复杂,需重新审视、优化和细化托幼机构的预防性消毒策略和措施。
Objective To understand whether there is a periodic pattern of qualification rate of preventive disinfection in nurseries and kindergartens, and to provide a scientific basis for decision-making of hygiene management in kindergartens and nurseries. Methods The monitoring data of disinfection efficacy of nurseries and kindergartens from 2007 to 2014 in Chaoyang District, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Beijing were collected according to the sampling time. The chi-square test or exact probability method was used to compare the different time periods (weeks, climate, heating) toys and small towels Disinfection effects of routine monitoring items such as differences. Results The fumigation pass rates of faucets every Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday and Thursday were 68.93%, 78.26%, 85.81% and 83.65%, respectively, with statistical significance (χ ~ 2 = 12.18, P = 0.007). The passing rate of small towel in spring, spring, summer and autumn was 98.28%, 100%, 96.53% and 93.26%, respectively, the difference was statistically significant (P = 0.004) 90.82% and 98.18%, respectively (χ ~ 2 = 32.21, P <0.01). The passing rate of faucet in spring, spring, summer and autumn was 79.57%, 89.74%, 72.58% and 78.32% respectively, with statistical significance ( χ ~ 2 = 11.41, P = 0.010). The disinfection pass rate of winter, winter, summer and autumn was 97.50%, 95.38%, 82.93% and 97.67% respectively, with a significant difference (P = 0.003). Toys, faucets, desktop disinfection pass rate in summer than in other seasons, small towels fall disinfection pass rate lower than the other seasons. The passing rate of non-heating and heating season was 96.21% and 100% respectively (P = 0.030). The passing rate of non-heating season and heating season was 95.44% and 99.30%, respectively. The difference was statistically significant (χ ~ 2 = 4.68, P = 0.030), both of which were high in the heating season. Conclusion There are some time periods and laws of preventive disinfection in nurseries. The reasons are complex and the strategies and measures of preventive disinfection should be optimized and refined.