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美国和巴西自20世纪60年代以来在航天领域开展了较为密切的合作。美国积极寻求与巴西的航天合作不仅出于维护太空安全以及占据世界航天技术制高点的需要,还希望借此加强与巴西的关系以维持在拉丁美洲的影响力。对巴西而言,与美国的合作是提升本国航天实力的现实需求,是发展本国经济、凸显巴西拉美大国地位的必然选择。巴美两国在航天实力上的优势互补也推动了两国的航天合作。两国在国际空间站建设以及阿尔坎塔拉基地的使用问题等方面展开了合作,并通过双边合作机构及相关对话机制来加强合作。美巴航天合作客观上促进了双方的科技进步,但也使得巴西更加依赖于美国的航天技术,对巴西的国家主权构成了一定程度的损害。美国与巴西的航天合作为中国与巴西的航天合作提供了一些启示,即中巴两国不仅要扩大航天合作领域,加强航天机制建设,还要促进科技合作与经贸合作的有机结合,增强两国航天科技的核心竞争力,以实现两国航天合作的跨越式发展。
The United States and Brazil have carried out relatively close cooperation in the aerospace field since the 1960s. The United States actively seeks space cooperation with Brazil not only for maintaining space security and occupying the world’s aerospace technology needs. It also hopes to strengthen its relations with Brazil so as to maintain its influence in Latin America. For Brazil, cooperation with the United States is a realistic demand for enhancing its own space capabilities and an inevitable choice for developing its economy and highlighting the status of Brazil’s Latin American power. The complementarity of the strengths of the two countries in space and space has also promoted the space cooperation between the two countries. The two countries have cooperated in the construction of the International Space Station and the use of the Alcantara base, and strengthened cooperation through bilateral cooperation agencies and related dialogue mechanisms. The cooperation between the United States and Pakistan in space has objectively promoted the progress of science and technology between the two sides, but it has also made Brazil more dependent on the United States’ aerospace technology and has caused a certain degree of damage to Brazil’s national sovereignty. The space cooperation between the United States and Brazil has provided some inspirations for the space cooperation between China and Brazil. It means that China and Pakistan must not only expand the field of aerospace cooperation, strengthen the construction of the aerospace mechanism, but also promote the organic integration of scientific and technological cooperation and economic and trade cooperation and strengthen the two countries. The core competitiveness of space science and technology is to realize the leap-forward development of space cooperation between the two countries.