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红壤是一种很贫瘠的土壤,因为含有较多的氧化铁矿物质,颜色是鲜红或棕红的,所以叫做红壤。这种土壤肥力很低,缺乏有机质和植物生长与发育所需要的无机质养料,并且结构不良,保水保肥能力薄弱,植物很难在上面生长,因此一般人认为是难以利用的不毛之地。红壤多分布在我国东南部,如湖南、江西、福建一带,广东、广西南部及云南,贵州地区,占的面积很大。在江西可以开垦的红壤荒地约有1,500万亩,相当全省稻田面积的四分之一。目前我国发展农业生产,除提高单位面积产量外,扩大耕地面积是主要努力方向之一,因此开垦红壤荒地在农业增产上占有很重要的地位。?
Red soil is a very poor soil, because it contains more iron oxide minerals, the color is bright red or brown, so it is called red soil. This kind of soil fertility is very low. It lacks the inorganic nutrients needed for organic growth and plant growth and development, and it has poor structure, weak water-retaining and fertility abilities, and it is difficult for plants to grow on it. Therefore, it is generally considered as a barren land that is difficult to use. Red soils are mostly distributed in the southeast of China, such as Hunan, Jiangxi and Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, southern Yunnan, and Guizhou, accounting for a large area. The red soil wasteland that can be cultivated in Jiangxi Province is about 15 million mu, which is equivalent to a quarter of the area of paddy fields in the province. At present, China’s development of agricultural production, in addition to improving the output per unit area, the expansion of arable land is one of the major efforts, so the opening of the red soil wasteland occupies an important position in agricultural production. ?