目的分析总结小儿前纵隔肿瘤的临床特点及与外科治疗的有关问题。方法回顾分析外科治疗小儿前纵隔肿瘤36例的临床资料。结果肿瘤全部切除30例,部分切除4例,未切除2例。肺楔形切除1例,部分心包切除3例,术中损伤血管6例,全部成功修补。结论小儿前纵隔肿瘤切口的选择应根据肿瘤的大小、位置及类型而定,术中要注意防止大血管的损伤。 Objective To summarize the clinical features of pediatric anterior mediastinum tumor and its related problems with surgical treatment. Methods Retrospective analysis of surgical treatment of 36 cases of anterior mediastinal tumors in children with clinical data. Results All tumors were resected in 30 cases, partially resected in 4 cases and non-resected in 2 cases. One case of pulmonary wedge resection, partial pericardial resection in 3 cases, intraoperative vascular injury in 6 cases, all successful repair. Conclusion The choice of anterior mediastinum tumor incision in children should be based on the size, location and type of tumor, and intraoperative caution should be taken to prevent the injury of macrovascular.