一、引言在地震的孕育和发展过程中,由于应力的积累和释放,必然要引起震区及附近地区自然界里一系列的物理、化学、生物、气象、地壳形变等方面发生异常变化。如微破裂的产生,引起地声、地光和小震,甚至于明显地在地面上出现构造地裂缝。这些构造地裂缝是地壳受力后的破裂痕迹。是地壳运动的产物。地震发生之前产生的震前地裂缝,我们称为地震前兆地裂缝,或称前兆地裂缝;对 I. INTRODUCTION Due to the accumulation and release of stress during earthquake breeding and development, it is bound to cause anomalous changes in a series of physical, chemical, biological, meteorological, crustal deformation and other aspects of the natural world in and near the earthquake area. Such as the occurrence of micro-cracks, causing ground sound, light and small earthquakes, and even apparent in the ground structural cracks. These structural earth fissures are the traces of cracks after the crust has been stressed. It is the product of crustal movement. Pre-earthquake ground fissures that occurred before the earthquake, which we call pre-seismic fissures, or precursory fissures;