目的研究新温肾生精饮(主要由鹿茸、人参、锁阳、黄芪和淫羊藿等15味药材组成)对环孢霉素A致小鼠附睾组织氧化应激和精子损伤的保护作用及其机制。方法将8周龄的昆明种雄性小鼠随机分为对照组、溶剂组、模型组、西药组和中药组,每组15只。对照组腹腔注射0.9%Na Cl溶液,模型组、西药组和中药组连续30天腹腔注射15μg·g-1·d-1环孢霉素A,同时将对照组和模型组小鼠灌胃0.9%Na Cl溶液,西药组和中药组小鼠分别灌胃克罗米芬或新温肾生精饮30天。称量小鼠体质量和附睾重;检测附睾组织中丙二醛(MDA)、谷胱甘肽(GSH)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GPH-Px)的水平;流式细胞仪检测小鼠附睾精子中ROS水平、精子的凋亡和死亡情况。结果与对照组比较,溶剂组各指标差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);模型组体质量增重和附睾指数显著降低,GSH水平和GSH-Px活性显著降低,MDA水平显著升高,附睾成熟精子中ROS水平显著升高,同时附睾成熟精子的存活率显著降低、死亡率显著升高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与模型组比较,中药组显著增加了小鼠体质量增重及附睾指数,提高了附睾组织中GSH水平和GPH-Px活性,显著降低了附睾组织中MDA的含量和附睾成熟精子中ROS水平,提高了精子的存活率,降低了精子的死亡率,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与西药组比较,中药组小鼠体质量增重增加,附睾组织中MDA的含量下降,附睾成熟精子中ROS水平下降,提高了精子的存活率,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论新温肾生精饮能显著修复环孢霉素A致小鼠附睾组织的氧化应激损伤,提高附睾成熟精子的存活率。 Objective To study the protective effects of Xinwen Shenshen Jingyin (mainly composed of 15 herbs including pilose antler, ginseng, cynomorium, astragalus and epimedium) on oxidative stress and sperm injury induced by cyclosporine A in mice epididymis and Its mechanism. Methods Kunming male mice of 8 weeks old were randomly divided into control group, solvent group, model group, western medicine group and traditional Chinese medicine group, 15 in each group. The control group was intraperitoneally injected with 0.9% NaCl solution. The model group, the western medicine group and the traditional Chinese medicine group were intraperitoneally injected with 15 μg · g-1 · d-1 cyclosporine A for 30 days, and the control group and model group were intragastrically administered with 0.9 % Na Cl solution, western medicine group and traditional Chinese medicine group were intragastric administration of clomiphene citrate or neprilon daily for 30 days. The body weight and epididymal weight of the mice were weighed and the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH) and glutathione peroxidase (GPH-Px) in the epididymis were measured. Flow cytometry ROS levels in mouse epididymal sperm, apoptosis and death of sperm. Results Compared with the control group, there was no significant difference in the indexes of solvent group (P> 0.05). Body mass gain and epididymis index were significantly decreased, GSH level and GSH-Px activity were significantly decreased, MDA level was significantly increased, The level of ROS in mature sperm was significantly increased, while the survival rate of mature epididymal sperm was significantly reduced, the mortality was significantly increased, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Compared with the model group, the Chinese medicine group significantly increased body weight gain and epididymis index, increased GSH level and GPH-Px activity in the epididymis, significantly reduced the content of MDA in the epididymis and ROS level in the mature epididymis, Improve the survival rate of sperm, reduce the sperm mortality, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Compared with the western medicine group, the body weight gain of Chinese medicine group increased, the content of MDA in epididymis decreased, the level of ROS decreased in mature epididymis and increased the sperm survival rate (all P <0.05). Conclusion Xinwenshen Shengjing Decoction can significantly repair the oxidative stress injury induced by cyclosporin A-induced epididymis in mice and improve the survival rate of mature sperm of the epididymis.