追溯伦理学的根本问题,可以解读出马克思拥有一种实质性的道德哲学。从总体思路上看,马克思的道德哲学具有三个基本特征:第一,它不是对个体提出道德要求,而是对社会制度提出道德要求;第二,它以人的幸福和自我实现等“善”作为伦理价值基础;第三,它以正义社会制度的实现作为实现“善”的实践路径。马克思的道德哲学有别于传统的各种规范伦理学理论,更倾向于一种制度伦理。 To trace the fundamental problems of ethics, we can interpret that Marx possesses a substantive moral philosophy. From a general point of view, Marx’s moral philosophy has three basic characteristics: first, it not to make moral demands on individuals but moral demands on social systems; second, on the basis of human happiness and self-realization, Good “as the basis of ethical value; thirdly, it takes the realization of just social system as the practical way of realizing” goodness ". Marx’s moral philosophy is different from the traditional norms of ethics, more inclined to a system of ethics.