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本文介绍了超声电解法制备超细金属粉的工艺方法 ;通过改变溶液浓度、超声功率、电流密度等条件 ,探索了制备超细铜粉和镍粉的工艺条件 ;用透射电镜 ( TEM)、X射线小角散射 ( SAXS)、X射线衍射 ( XRD)等对所得粉末进行了粒度的判别和结构分析。研究表明 ,在合适的条件下可得到 10 0 nm以下的铜粉和镍粉 ,并且粉末粒度随电流密度的增大而增大。粉末粒度与电流密度的这种关系与超声的空化作用机理有关 ,超声在制粉过程中不仅起到降低粉末粒度的作用 ,而且对沉积过程也有一定的影响。
In this paper, the preparation method of ultrafine metal powder by ultrasonic electrolysis was introduced. The technological conditions of preparing ultrafine copper powder and nickel powder were explored by changing the solution concentration, ultrasonic power and current density. The resulting powder was subjected to particle size determination and structural analysis by Small Angle X-ray Diffraction (SAXS), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and the like. The results show that the copper powders and nickel powders below 10 0 nm can be obtained under appropriate conditions, and the particle size increases with the increase of the current density. The relationship between powder particle size and current density is related to the mechanism of ultrasonic cavitation. Ultrasound not only plays a role in reducing the particle size of powder, but also has some influence on the deposition process.