“公平与效率”是人类经济生活中的一对基本矛盾。最大限度地追求公平与效率两大价值目标始终是人生孜孜以求的理想。在科学发展观重大战略思想统领下,走出效率崇拜的误区,合理追求效率,更加注重公平。研究公平与效率关系的制度演变及意义,便于洞察公平与效率关系,促使两者有机统一。 “Fairness and efficiency ” is a pair of basic contradictions in the economic life of mankind. Maximizing the two goals of fairness and efficiency is always the ideal that life pursues. Under the guidance of the major strategic thinking of the scientific development concept, we should go beyond the erroneous zones of efficiency worship, rationally pursue efficiency and pay more attention to fairness. To study the institutional evolution and significance of the relationship between fairness and efficiency, to facilitate an insight into the relationship between fairness and efficiency and to promote the unification of the two.