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摘要
马铃薯块茎蛾(Phthorimaea operculella)是世界上为害马铃薯最严重的害虫之一,本研究利用桉叶油醇与庚醛驱避引诱组合对其产卵行为进行调控,以探究最佳驱避引诱组合规律及影响因素。在室内条件(27±1℃,L∥D=14 h∥10 h,RH:50%~70%)测定了桉叶油醇与庚醛单组分及两种组分驱避引诱组合对马铃薯块茎蛾产卵选择的影响。桉叶油醇在6~12 mg/L浓度范围内对马铃薯块茎蛾表现为产卵引诱作用,在18~30 mg/L浓度范围内则表现为产卵驱避作用;庚醛在6~30 mg/L浓度范围内对马铃薯块茎蛾表现为产卵驱避效果。将对马铃薯块茎蛾产卵行为引诱效果较好的桉叶油醇(3,6,12 mg/L)与驱避效果较好的庚醛(12,18,24 mg/L)进行引诱驱避组合, 12 mg/L庚醛与3 mg/L桉叶油醇pushpull组合效果最好,pushpull效应达36.6% 。对马铃薯块茎蛾产卵行为调控最佳的驱避引诱组合为最低驱避浓度(12 mg/L庚醛)与最低引诱(3 mg/L桉叶油醇)浓度组合。产卵选择指数和pushpull效应与交配率、单雌产卵量不具有相关性,但是浓度变化可以导致交配率和单雌产卵量的变化。
关键词
马铃薯块茎蛾;桉叶油醇;庚醛;驱避引诱组合
中图分类号:
S 436.32
文献标识码:A
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.05291542.2016.03.016
Abstract
The potato tuber moth (PTM), Phthorimaea operculella is one of the major pests causing severe damage to potatoes. Plant secondary metabolites were used to regulate the oviposition of PTM, in order to understand the regular pattern of pushpull combinations and their influencing factors. The oviposition choices of PTM on potato tubers treated with different single concentrations and pushpull combinations of cineole with heptanal were measured under laboratory conditions (27±1℃, L∥D=14 h∥10 h, 50%-70% RH). The results indicated that cineole attracted the oviposition of PTM at low concentrations from 6 mg/L to 12 mg/L, but repelled it at higher concentrations from 18 mg/L to 30 mg/L. Heptanal had a significant repellent effect on the oviposition at the concentrations from 6 mg/L to 30 mg/L. By combining cineole with better pull effect (3 mg/L, 6 mg/L, 12 mg/L) with heptanal with better push effect (12 mg/L, 18 mg/L, 24 mg/L) to oviposition of PTM, the combination of heptanal (12 mg/L) with cineole (3 mg/L) showed the best pushpull effect (36.6%) on the oviposition. The results suggested that the best pushpull combination to oviposition of PTM was the combination of the lowest pull concentration (3 mg/L cineole) with the lowest push concentration (12 mg/L heptanal). The oviposition index or pushpull effect had no relevance to the mating rate as well as the deposited eggs per female, but the mating rate and the eggs laid per female will change with the changing concentration.
Key words
Phthorimaea operculella;cineole;heptanal;pushpull combination
利用植物產生的次生代谢物质来调控昆虫行为的研究表明,化学物质可以调控已交配雌蛾对寄主植物的识别与选择行为[1],并且在植食性昆虫选择合适产卵场所的过程中发挥着重要作用[2]。行为调控通常包括“引诱”(pull) 与“驱避”(push) 两个方面。在明确昆虫对寄主的产卵喜好性基础上,可以尝试利用合适的化学信息“引诱”成虫[3];利用非寄主植物等化学信息对害虫进行“驱避”处理[4]。将引诱与驱避因素联合起来使用,以调控昆虫在作物上的分布及数量,从而减小作物损失,称为引诱驱避策略,即驱避引诱组合[5]。即驱避因素为利用对害虫不利的物质对其进行驱赶,从而保护作物不被危害;引诱物质可以尽可能多的诱集害虫,并集中诱杀,进一步保护作物不被为害。
马铃薯块茎蛾(Phthorimaea operculella)是世界上为害马铃薯最严重的害虫之一,本研究利用桉叶油醇与庚醛驱避引诱组合对其产卵行为进行调控,以探究最佳驱避引诱组合规律及影响因素。在室内条件(27±1℃,L∥D=14 h∥10 h,RH:50%~70%)测定了桉叶油醇与庚醛单组分及两种组分驱避引诱组合对马铃薯块茎蛾产卵选择的影响。桉叶油醇在6~12 mg/L浓度范围内对马铃薯块茎蛾表现为产卵引诱作用,在18~30 mg/L浓度范围内则表现为产卵驱避作用;庚醛在6~30 mg/L浓度范围内对马铃薯块茎蛾表现为产卵驱避效果。将对马铃薯块茎蛾产卵行为引诱效果较好的桉叶油醇(3,6,12 mg/L)与驱避效果较好的庚醛(12,18,24 mg/L)进行引诱驱避组合, 12 mg/L庚醛与3 mg/L桉叶油醇pushpull组合效果最好,pushpull效应达36.6% 。对马铃薯块茎蛾产卵行为调控最佳的驱避引诱组合为最低驱避浓度(12 mg/L庚醛)与最低引诱(3 mg/L桉叶油醇)浓度组合。产卵选择指数和pushpull效应与交配率、单雌产卵量不具有相关性,但是浓度变化可以导致交配率和单雌产卵量的变化。
关键词
马铃薯块茎蛾;桉叶油醇;庚醛;驱避引诱组合
中图分类号:
S 436.32
文献标识码:A
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.05291542.2016.03.016
Abstract
The potato tuber moth (PTM), Phthorimaea operculella is one of the major pests causing severe damage to potatoes. Plant secondary metabolites were used to regulate the oviposition of PTM, in order to understand the regular pattern of pushpull combinations and their influencing factors. The oviposition choices of PTM on potato tubers treated with different single concentrations and pushpull combinations of cineole with heptanal were measured under laboratory conditions (27±1℃, L∥D=14 h∥10 h, 50%-70% RH). The results indicated that cineole attracted the oviposition of PTM at low concentrations from 6 mg/L to 12 mg/L, but repelled it at higher concentrations from 18 mg/L to 30 mg/L. Heptanal had a significant repellent effect on the oviposition at the concentrations from 6 mg/L to 30 mg/L. By combining cineole with better pull effect (3 mg/L, 6 mg/L, 12 mg/L) with heptanal with better push effect (12 mg/L, 18 mg/L, 24 mg/L) to oviposition of PTM, the combination of heptanal (12 mg/L) with cineole (3 mg/L) showed the best pushpull effect (36.6%) on the oviposition. The results suggested that the best pushpull combination to oviposition of PTM was the combination of the lowest pull concentration (3 mg/L cineole) with the lowest push concentration (12 mg/L heptanal). The oviposition index or pushpull effect had no relevance to the mating rate as well as the deposited eggs per female, but the mating rate and the eggs laid per female will change with the changing concentration.
Key words
Phthorimaea operculella;cineole;heptanal;pushpull combination
利用植物產生的次生代谢物质来调控昆虫行为的研究表明,化学物质可以调控已交配雌蛾对寄主植物的识别与选择行为[1],并且在植食性昆虫选择合适产卵场所的过程中发挥着重要作用[2]。行为调控通常包括“引诱”(pull) 与“驱避”(push) 两个方面。在明确昆虫对寄主的产卵喜好性基础上,可以尝试利用合适的化学信息“引诱”成虫[3];利用非寄主植物等化学信息对害虫进行“驱避”处理[4]。将引诱与驱避因素联合起来使用,以调控昆虫在作物上的分布及数量,从而减小作物损失,称为引诱驱避策略,即驱避引诱组合[5]。即驱避因素为利用对害虫不利的物质对其进行驱赶,从而保护作物不被危害;引诱物质可以尽可能多的诱集害虫,并集中诱杀,进一步保护作物不被为害。