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以超级稻‘两优616’为材料,研究不同播种期对‘两优616’产量及稻米品质的影响。试验表明:随着播期的推迟,‘两优616’的穗粒数、结实率明显下降,产量也逐步降低,5个播种期中6月4日播种的超级稻‘两优616’产量最高,7月6日播种的产量最低。从稻米品质来看,5个播种期‘两优616’均表现出良好的品质性状,稻米理化指标得分均较高,其中7月6日播种的‘两优616’得分最高;所有播种期‘两优616’糙米率、精米率、整精米率、透明度、碱消值、胶稠度和直链淀粉含量等7项指标全部达到优质标准。试验还表明:随着播种期推迟、灌浆结实期日均温降低,‘两优616’整精米率提高,垩白率减少,垩白度下降,理化指标得分逐步提高,稻米品质得到提升。因此在生产上可以通过适当调整‘两优616’的播种期,在保证产量的前提下使其灌浆结实处在一个相对有利的时期,从而提升‘两优616’的稻米品质,促进超级稻‘两优616’优质高产栽培及其生产上大面积推广运用。
Using super hybrid rice “Liangyou 616” as material, the effects of different sowing dates on the yield and quality of ’Liangyou 616’ were studied. The results showed that with the delay of sowing date, the grains per spike and seed setting rate of ’Liangyou 616’ decreased significantly and the yield decreased gradually. The yield of ’Liangyou 616’, a super hybrid rice planted on June 4 in 5 sowing dates, July 6 sown the lowest yield. From the perspective of rice quality, ’Liangyou 616’ showed good quality traits in all five seeding periods, with higher scores of physical and chemical indexes of rice, of which, Liangyou 616 had the highest score on July 6; Liangyou 616 ’brown rice rate, milled rice rate, milled rice rate, transparency, alkali consumption, gel consistency and amylose content of seven indicators all reached the high quality standards. The experiment also showed that with the delay of sowing date, the average daily temperature of grain filling decreased, the rate of milled rice increased, the chalkiness rate decreased, the chalkiness decreased, the physicochemical index score gradually increased and the quality of rice improved. Therefore, in the production, we can adjust the sowing date of ’Liangyou 616’ to make it relatively stable in a relatively favorable period under the premise of ensuring the yield, so as to improve the quality of ’Liangyou 616’ Liangyou 616 ’High Quality and High Yield Cultivation and Its Popularization and Application in Large Area.