意识到学术问题的存在并且提出学术问题是研究学术的起点,问题意识是学生在知识积累的过程中,通过积极思考,进一步分析学术问题、解决问题等一系列研究工作的基础。问题意识的培养主要是激发学生对问题的敏感度,不迷信书本、老师或者学术权威,敢于质疑,提出自己独立的观点。但是,在我国从小学、中学到大学,一直都是应试教育,各种知识、问题都有标准答案,而且只有一种标准,学生只需要记住这些标准答案,就可以在各种 Aware of the existence of academic problems and proposed academic issues is the starting point of academic research, problem awareness is the process of accumulation of knowledge, through positive thinking, further analysis of academic issues, problem solving and a series of research foundation. The cultivation of problem awareness is mainly to stimulate students’ sensitivity to the problem, do not blindly believe in books, teachers or academic authority, dare to question and put forward their own independent viewpoint. However, in our country from primary school to middle school to university, it has always been an examination-oriented education. All kinds of knowledge and problems have standard answers, and there is only one standard. Students only need to remember these standard answers and can work in various